feat(web): add self-signed HTTPS mode for headless/LAN access

--tls generates a self-signed cert (SANs: localhost, 127.0.0.1, LAN IP) so a
headless box is reachable directly over HTTPS, which browsers treat as a secure
context (required for cross-origin isolation). make web now defaults to TLS.

.gitignore

@@ -8,3 +8,5 @@ flash.bin
 result
 _scratch/
 sd.img
+.serve-cert.pem
+.serve-key.pem

Makefile

@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@ qemu:
 qemu-wasm:
 	QEMU_WASM_SRC=$(QEMU_WASM_SRC) WASM_OUT=$(WASM_OUT) JOBS=2 scripts/build-qemu-wasm.sh
 
+# Serve over HTTPS by default so headless/LAN access is cross-origin isolated. Override with WEB_TLS=.
+WEB_TLS ?= --tls
 web: qemu-wasm
-	python3 scripts/serve-web.py
+	python3 scripts/serve-web.py $(WEB_TLS)
 
 web-test:
 	node scripts/test-web.mjs

scripts/serve-web.py

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 import argparse
+import ipaddress
+import socket
+import ssl
+import subprocess
 from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
+from pathlib import Path
 
 
 class IsolatedHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
@@ -11,15 +16,56 @@ class IsolatedHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
         super().end_headers()
 
 
+def local_ip():
+    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s:
+        try:
+            s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80))
+            return s.getsockname()[0]
+        except OSError:
+            return "127.0.0.1"
+
+
+def ensure_cert(cert: Path, key: Path):
+    """Generate a self-signed cert covering localhost and the LAN IP, so a
+    headless box can be reached directly over HTTPS (secure context)."""
+    if cert.exists() and key.exists():
+        return
+    ip = local_ip()
+    san = f"subjectAltName=DNS:localhost,IP:127.0.0.1,IP:{ip}"
+    subprocess.run(
+        ["openssl", "req", "-x509", "-newkey", "rsa:2048", "-sha256",
+         "-days", "3650", "-nodes", "-keyout", str(key), "-out", str(cert),
+         "-subj", "/CN=localhost", "-addext", san],
+        check=True,
+    )
+    print(f"Generated self-signed cert for localhost and {ip} at {cert}")
+
+
 def main():
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
     parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=8000)
     parser.add_argument("--host", default="0.0.0.0")
+    parser.add_argument("--tls", action="store_true", help="serve over HTTPS with a self-signed cert")
+    parser.add_argument("--cert", default=".serve-cert.pem")
+    parser.add_argument("--key", default=".serve-key.pem")
     args = parser.parse_args()
+
     server = ThreadingHTTPServer((args.host, args.port), IsolatedHandler)
-    print(f"Serving on http://{args.host}:{args.port}/web/")
-    print("Note: WASM pthreads need a secure context — use localhost or HTTPS; a"
-          " bare LAN IP over HTTP is not cross-origin isolated.")
+    scheme = "http"
+    if args.tls:
+        ensure_cert(Path(args.cert), Path(args.key))
+        context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
+        context.load_cert_chain(args.cert, args.key)
+        server.socket = context.wrap_socket(server.socket, server_side=True)
+        scheme = "https"
+
+    print(f"Serving on {scheme}://{args.host}:{args.port}/web/")
+    if args.tls:
+        print(f"Reach it directly at {scheme}://{local_ip()}:{args.port}/web/ "
+              "(accept the self-signed cert warning once).")
+    else:
+        print("Note: WASM pthreads need a secure context — use localhost, an SSH "
+              "tunnel, or --tls; a bare LAN IP over HTTP is not cross-origin isolated.")
     server.serve_forever()